NombreEstudiante y Telefono dependen únicamente de CodEstudiante (parte de la clave).
: Instituciones como la Universidad Nacional de Salta ofrecen prácticas donde se normalizan tablas de alumnos y carreras, moviendo atributos no clave a tablas independientes para cumplir con la 3FN . Resumen de las Formas Normales (FN) Forma Normal Objetivo Principal Acción Clave 1FN Eliminar grupos repetitivos. Asegurar que cada celda contenga un solo valor atómico. 2FN Eliminar dependencias parciales.
A continuación, te presento algunos ejercicios resueltos de normalización de base de datos:
Debe estar en 2FN y ningún atributo no primo debe depender de forma transitiva de la clave primaria a través de otro atributo no primo.
Start with A and B: The FD AB → C tells us that AB determines C. Then AC → DE, so if we have A, B, and C, we can get D and E. But we already have C from AB, so effectively AB → D and AB → E. Then E → F, so AB → F. Then F → G, so AB → G. Therefore, AB determines A, B, C, D, E, F, G, the entire set. So AB is a superkey. Is it minimal? Removing A leaves B, which doesn't appear on the left of any FD. Removing B leaves A, which also doesn't appear. So AB is a candidate key. Asegurar que cada celda contenga un solo valor atómico
La normalización de bases de datos es un proceso que consiste en organizar los datos en una base de datos para minimizar la redundancia y mejorar la integridad de los datos. El objetivo es lograr una estructura de base de datos que sea eficiente, escalable y fácil de mantener.
Una clínica registra las citas en una tabla con el siguiente esquema: CITAS(Paciente, Hora, Medico, Especialidad) Restricciones del negocio:
Los atributos no clave solo deben depender de la clave primaria, no de otros atributos.
The algorithm for 3NF often involves projecting the FDs onto the decomposed relations and ensuring each non-key attribute is functionally dependent only on the key. This exercise is complex and the full solution would involve a multi-step decomposition, but the process involves repeatedly applying the decomposition theorem until all FDs are properly managed. Start with A and B: The FD AB
La normalización es un conjunto de reglas aplicadas a las tablas de una base de datos para asegurar que cada entidad web o de negocio esté representada de forma óptima. Fue introducida originalmente por Edgar F. Codd.
Num_Factura (PK) , Fecha, Cliente_ID, Nombre_Cliente, Direccion_Cliente.
From the semantics, we can derive many FDs. For example:
This extensive exercise from the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid models a casting agency. It includes multiple entities, relationships, and constraints, making it an excellent practice for normalization. a theoretical section
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This guide will provide exactly that: a curated collection of solved normalization exercises found in various PDFs and textbooks, complete with detailed solutions to help you master this essential database design skill. We will explore normal forms, functional dependencies, and decomposition techniques, all while referencing the most valuable resources available online.
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